The Concept of the Multiverse in Hindu Cosmology

 

                                   

Hindu scriptures present a profound and fascinating vision of reality, one that goes far beyond the idea of a single universe. According to these ancient texts, our universe is not alone—there are countless universes, each emerging from its own Hiranyagarbha, or “Cosmic Egg.”

Each of these universes functions independently. Just as our universe has its own Earth, Sun, Moon, stars, and deities, so too does every other universe. Each one follows its own cycle of time—measured in Yugas, Kalpas, and Mahakalpas—making it completely distinct and self-contained.

At the center of this cosmic order is Brahma, the creator deity. Every universe has its own Brahma, who presides over its creation and maintenance. The lifespan of a Brahma is immense: one hundred Brahma years, where each year equals 360 Brahma days. In human terms, this adds up to roughly 311 trillion years. When Brahma’s lifespan comes to an end, the universe he governs also dissolves in a great cosmic dissolution known as Pralaya.

The Puranas describe an even grander perspective through the presence of Mahavishnu. With every breath of Vishnu, innumerable universes come into being. As He exhales, new universes manifest; as He inhales, they dissolve back into Him. This imagery suggests that all creation is but a rhythmic pulse in the divine breath of the Supreme Being.

A striking example of this vision is found in the Bhagavata Purana. In one story, Lord Krishna reveals to a particular Brahma the existence of countless other Brahmas, each presiding over their own universe. This revelation demonstrates the vastness of reality and provides a clear description of what modern thinkers now call the “Multiverse.”

Interestingly, contemporary science has begun to discuss the possibility of a Multiverse—multiple universes existing beyond our own. Yet Hindu cosmology has spoken of this for thousands of years, affirming that our universe is just one among countless others, each with its own destiny, deities, and cycles of time.

In essence, Hindu cosmology sees the Multiverse as ancient truth. Each universe undergoes its own creation and dissolution, guided by its own order. Yet the whole Multiverse, in its infinite expanse, ultimately arises and dissolves within the divine breath of Mahavishnu.